Water Quality and its Environmental Implications within Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
Document identifier: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-76684
Keyword: Engineering and Technology,
Civil Engineering,
Geotechnical Engineering,
Teknik och teknologier,
Samhällsbyggnadsteknik,
Geoteknik,
Tigris River,
Euphrates River,
Water Quality,
Environment,
Iraq,
Soil MechanicsPublication year: 2019Relevant Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):
The SDG label(s) above have been assigned by OSDG.aiAbstract: Iraq relies greatly on the water of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. These rivers rise in Turkey. As far as the water quality of the Tigris River, when it enters the Turkish- Iraqi border is considered normal where the total dissolved salts do not exceed 450ppm. In Iraq, the salinity increases downstream and it reached undesirable limits downstream Baghdad. As far as the Euphrates River is concerned, the salinity of its water reached 600ppm at the Syrian-Iraqi border. The salinity increases downstream and it reaches 1500ppm downstream Kufa city. This indicates that the salinity of the major Rivers (Tigris, Euphrates and Karkheh) that are supply Shatt Al-Arab River with water is increasing with time. Causes of water quality deterioration is due to several factors. These are: i) construction of dams and irrigation projects in the upper parts of the catchments and the reduction of flow of these rivers ii) Al-Tharthar Scheme, where some water from this reservoir having salinity of 2500ppm is diverted to the River Euphrates iii) Agricultural and Irrigation Projects iv) dumping wastewater directly to the rivers v) Waste of Wars vi) Climate Change vii) disposal of solid waste directly to the rivers viii) Population Growth. All these factors are affecting the population and the environment in Iraq.
Authors
Nadhir Al-Ansari
Luleå tekniska universitet; Geoteknologi
Other publications
>>
Sadeq Jawad
Advisory Commission for the Iraqi Prime Minister, Baghdad, Iraq
Other publications
>>
Nasrat Adamo
Consultant Engineer, Norrköping, Sweden
Other publications
>>
Varoujan Sissakian
University of Kurdistan, Howler, KRG, Iraq. Private Consultant Geologist, Erbil, Iraq
Other publications
>>
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header:
identifier: oai:DiVA.org:ltu-76684
datestamp: 2021-04-19T12:57:00Z
setSpec: SwePub-ltu
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recordContentSource: ltu
recordCreationDate: 2019-11-12
identifier: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-76684
titleInfo:
@attributes:
lang: eng
title: Water Quality and its Environmental Implications within Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
abstract: Iraq relies greatly on the water of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. These rivers rise in Turkey. As far as the water quality of the Tigris River when it enters the Turkish- Iraqi border is considered normal where the total dissolved salts do not exceed 450ppm. In Iraq the salinity increases downstream and it reached undesirable limits downstream Baghdad. As far as the Euphrates River is concerned the salinity of its water reached 600ppm at the Syrian-Iraqi border. The salinity increases downstream and it reaches 1500ppm downstream Kufa city. This indicates that the salinity of the major Rivers (Tigris Euphrates and Karkheh) that are supply Shatt Al-Arab River with water is increasing with time. Causes of water quality deterioration is due to several factors. These are: i) construction of dams and irrigation projects in the upper parts of the catchments and the reduction of flow of these rivers ii) Al-Tharthar Scheme where some water from this reservoir having salinity of 2500ppm is diverted to the River Euphrates iii) Agricultural and Irrigation Projects iv) dumping wastewater directly to the rivers v) Waste of Wars vi) Climate Change vii) disposal of solid waste directly to the rivers viii) Population Growth. All these factors are affecting the population and the environment in Iraq.
subject:
@attributes:
lang: eng
authority: uka.se
topic:
Engineering and Technology
Civil Engineering
Geotechnical Engineering
@attributes:
lang: swe
authority: uka.se
topic:
Teknik och teknologier
Samhällsbyggnadsteknik
Geoteknik
@attributes:
lang: eng
topic: Tigris River
@attributes:
lang: eng
topic: Euphrates River
@attributes:
lang: eng
topic: Water Quality
@attributes:
lang: eng
topic: Environment
@attributes:
lang: eng
topic: Iraq
@attributes:
lang: swe
authority: ltu
topic: Geoteknik
genre: Research subject
@attributes:
lang: eng
authority: ltu
topic: Soil Mechanics
genre: Research subject
language:
languageTerm: eng
genre:
publication/journal-article
ref
note:
Published
4
Validerad;2019;Nivå 1;2019-11-18 (johcin)
name:
@attributes:
type: personal
authority: ltu
namePart:
Al-Ansari
Nadhir
1947-
role:
roleTerm: aut
affiliation:
Luleå tekniska universitet
Geoteknologi
nameIdentifier:
nadhir
0000-0002-6790-2653
@attributes:
type: personal
namePart:
Jawad
Sadeq
role:
roleTerm: aut
affiliation: Advisory Commission for the Iraqi Prime Minister Baghdad Iraq
@attributes:
type: personal
namePart:
Adamo
Nasrat
role:
roleTerm: aut
affiliation: Consultant Engineer Norrköping Sweden
@attributes:
type: personal
namePart:
Sissakian
Varoujan
role:
roleTerm: aut
affiliation: University of Kurdistan Howler KRG Iraq. Private Consultant Geologist Erbil Iraq
originInfo:
dateIssued: 2019
publisher: Scientific Press International Limited
place:
placeTerm: UK
relatedItem:
@attributes:
type: host
titleInfo:
title: Journal of Earth Sciences and Geotechnical Engineering
identifier:
1792-9040
1792-9660
part:
detail:
@attributes:
type: volume
number: 9
@attributes:
type: issue
number: 4
extent:
start: 57
end: 108
location:
url: https://www.scienpress.com/journal_focus.asp?main_id=59&Sub_id=IV&Issue=1391375
url: http://ltu.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1369452/FULLTEXT01.pdf
accessCondition: gratis
physicalDescription:
form: electronic
typeOfResource: text